コスプレの衣装作り×Meaning:
Costume making or creation.
Grammar:
- A compound noun: 衣装 (ishō - costume) + 作り (zukuri - making).
- The 'z' sound in 'zukuri' is due to rendaku (sequential voicing).
Usage: Refers to the hobby or process of creating costumes, particularly for cosplay.
Examples:
趣味は衣装作りです。
My hobby is costume making.
彼女は衣装作りのコンテストで優勝した。
She won the costume-making contest.
Cultural Context: A central and highly respected activity within the cosplay subculture.では、様々な×Meaning:
Various, a variety of.
Grammar:
- A 'na'-adjective that modifies a noun following it.
- Can also be written in hiragana as さまざま.
Usage: Used to describe a collection of different types of things. It is slightly more formal than いろいろ (iroiro).
Examples:
店には様々な商品があります。
The store has various products.
彼は様々な国を旅して、多くの文化に触れた。
He traveled to various countries and experienced many cultures.
Register/Formality: Slightly formal, common in written text.材料と技術×Meaning:
Skill, technique, technology.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: Can refer to a specific practical skill (like sewing) or broader technology (like 3D printing). The context determines the specific meaning.
Examples:
この会社は新しい技術を持っています。
This company has new technology.
彼は長年の経験で素晴らしい木工技術を身につけた。
He acquired amazing woodworking skills through many years of experience.
Register/Formality: Neutral.が使われます。昔は布×Meaning:
Cloth, fabric.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: A general term for woven or knitted material used for clothing, crafts, etc.
Examples:
このシャツは柔らかい布でできている。
This shirt is made of soft cloth.
彼女は市場で美しい柄の布をいくつか買った。
She bought several pieces of fabric with beautiful patterns at the market.
Register/Formality: Neutral.や木が中心でしたが、今は新しい技術も取り入れられています×Meaning:
Is being adopted/incorporated.
Grammar:
- This is the passive, continuous, polite form of the verb 取り入れる (toriireru - to adopt).
- Breakdown: 取り入れ(る) -> 取り入れられ(る) (passive) -> 取り入れられて (te-form) -> 取り入れられています (te-iru polite form).
Usage: Used when something has been introduced from outside and is now being used or has become part of a system.
Examples:
その学校では新しい教育方法が取り入れられています。
A new educational method is being adopted at that school.
日本の建築には古くから禅の思想が取り入れられています。
Zen philosophy has been incorporated into Japanese architecture since ancient times.
Register/Formality: Polite.。
鎧×Meaning:
Armor, a suit of armor.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: Traditionally refers to samurai armor, but in modern contexts like cosplay or gaming, it refers to any kind of armor.
Examples:
博物館で古い侍の鎧を見た。
I saw an old samurai's armor at the museum.
このキャラクターの鎧はデザインがとても複雑だ。
This character's armor has a very complex design.
Register/Formality: Neutral.や武器×Meaning:
Weapon, arms.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: Refers to any object used for fighting or in combat, both in real life and in fiction (games, anime, etc.).
Examples:
ゲームの主人公は大きな剣を武器として使う。
The game's protagonist uses a large sword as a weapon.
警察は現場で凶器とみられる武器を発見した。
The police discovered a weapon at the scene that is believed to be the murder weapon.
Register/Formality: Neutral.には「EVAフォーム」というスポンジのような材料×Meaning:
Materials, ingredients.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: Used for physical materials for building or crafting (as in this context) or for ingredients in cooking.
Examples:
料理を作る前に材料を全部そろえましょう。
Let's gather all the ingredients before we start cooking.
この家は自然の材料だけで建てられている。
This house is built using only natural materials.
Register/Formality: Neutral.が人気です。軽く×Meaning:
Lightly; being light.
Grammar:
- The adverbial form (連用形) of the 'i'-adjective 軽い (karui - light).
- It is formed by changing the final い (i) to く (ku).
Usage: It can modify a verb (e.g., 'knock lightly') or connect clauses, functioning like 'and' in a list of adjectives (e.g., 'light and durable').
Examples:
ドアを軽くノックしてください。
Please knock on the door lightly.
この鞄は軽くて丈夫です。
This bag is light and durable.
Register/Formality: Neutral.て丈夫×Meaning:
Sturdy, durable, strong (for objects); healthy (for people).
Grammar:
- A 'na'-adjective.
Usage: Describes something that is well-built and resistant to breaking. When describing a person, it means they are in good health.
Examples:
この靴はとても丈夫です。
These shoes are very durable.
おじいさんは年ですが、まだ丈夫です。
My grandfather is old, but he is still healthy.
Register/Formality: Neutral.で、値段×Meaning:
Price, cost.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: The most common, everyday word for the price of an item or service.
Examples:
このカメラの値段はいくらですか。
What is the price of this camera?
セールで値段が安くなっていたので、服をたくさん買った。
The prices were low because of the sale, so I bought a lot of clothes.
Register/Formality: Neutral.もあまり高くないため、多くのコスプレイヤーに使われています。熱を加える×Meaning:
To apply heat.
Grammar:
- A verb phrase consisting of a noun, a particle, and a verb.
- 熱 (netsu): noun, 'heat'.
- を (o): object marker particle.
- 加える (kuwaeru): verb, 'to add' or 'to apply'.
Usage: A common phrase used in crafting, cooking, or scientific contexts.
Examples:
このプラスチックは熱を加えると柔らかくなる。
This plastic becomes soft when you apply heat.
調理の最後に、ソースに少し熱を加えてください。
At the end of cooking, please apply a little heat to the sauce.
Register/Formality: Neutral.と簡単に形を変えられる×Meaning:
Can change shape; its shape can be changed.
Grammar:
- This is the potential form of the verb phrase 形を変える (katachi o kaeru - to change shape).
- The verb 変える (kaeru) is a ru-verb, and its potential form is 変えられる (kaerareru).
Usage: Describes an object's ability to be reshaped or modified.
Examples:
粘土は自由に形を変えられる。
You can freely change the shape of clay.
このロボットは乗り物の形に変えられる。
This robot can be changed into the shape of a vehicle.
Register/Formality: Neutral.ので、複雑×Meaning:
Complicated, complex, intricate.
Grammar:
- A 'na'-adjective.
Usage: Used for things that have many interconnected parts or are difficult to understand or make.
Examples:
この機械の仕組みは複雑だ。
The mechanism of this machine is complicated.
彼女は複雑な気持ちを彼に説明できなかった。
She couldn't explain her complicated feelings to him.
Register/Formality: Neutral.な鎧×Meaning:
Armor, a suit of armor.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: Traditionally refers to samurai armor, but in modern contexts like cosplay or gaming, it refers to any kind of armor.
Examples:
博物館で古い侍の鎧を見た。
I saw an old samurai's armor at the museum.
このキャラクターの鎧はデザインがとても複雑だ。
This character's armor has a very complex design.
Register/Formality: Neutral.も作れます。
一方×Meaning:
On the other hand; meanwhile.
Grammar:
- A conjunction used to introduce a contrasting or parallel idea.
Usage: Often used at the beginning of a sentence to shift focus to a different aspect of the topic.
Examples:
兄はスポーツが好きだ。一方、弟は読書が好きだ。
My older brother likes sports. On the other hand, my younger brother likes reading.
都市部は発展している一方、地方では人口が減少している。
While urban areas are developing, the population is decreasing in rural regions.
Register/Formality: Neutral to slightly formal. Common in written text.、ヘルメットやアクセサリーなど、小さくて細かい×Meaning:
Fine, detailed, small; minor.
Grammar:
- An 'i'-adjective.
Usage: Can refer to physical size (e.g., fine sand), level of detail (e.g., a detailed drawing), or significance (e.g., a minor issue). In this context, it means 'detailed'.
Examples:
彼はとても細かい絵を描く。
He draws very detailed pictures.
細かいことは気にしないでください。
Please don't worry about the minor details.
Register/Formality: Neutral.デザインの物には3Dプリンターが便利×Meaning:
Convenient, useful, handy.
Grammar:
- A 'na'-adjective.
Usage: Describes things, places, or services that are easy to use and make life easier.
Examples:
駅の近くのホテルは便利です。
A hotel near the station is convenient.
スマートフォンは本当に便利だ。
Smartphones are really convenient.
Register/Formality: Neutral.です。コンピューターで設計した×Meaning:
Designed.
Grammar:
- The plain past tense (ta-form) of the verb 設計する (sekkei suru - to design).
- 設計する is a compound verb: the noun 設計 (sekkei - design) + する (suru - to do).
Usage: Refers to creating a plan or drawing for something before it is made, such as a building, machine, or 3D model.
Examples:
有名な建築家がこのビルを設計した。
A famous architect designed this building.
私たちは新しい製品のコンセプトを設計した。
We designed the concept for a new product.
Register/Formality: Neutral.データ通りに×Meaning:
According to, just as, in the way that.
Grammar:
- A grammatical structure that follows a noun or a verb.
- Structure: Noun + の通りに or Verb (ta-form) + 通りに.
Usage: Indicates that an action is performed exactly as specified by the preceding noun or verb.
Examples:
説明書の通りに組み立ててください。
Please assemble it according to the instruction manual.
私が言った通りにしてください。
Please do it just as I said.
Register/Formality: Neutral.、機械×Meaning:
Machine, mechanism.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: A general term for any mechanical or electrical device with moving parts that performs a task.
Examples:
この工場にはたくさんの機械があります。
There are many machines in this factory.
洗濯機は便利な機械だ。
A washing machine is a convenient machine.
Register/Formality: Neutral.が自動で正確な×Meaning:
Accurate, precise, correct.
Grammar:
- A 'na'-adjective.
Usage: Describes information, measurements, or shapes that are free from error.
Examples:
正確な時間を教えてください。
Please tell me the correct time.
彼の報告書はデータが正確なことで評価されている。
His report is valued for its accurate data.
Register/Formality: Neutral.形を作ってくれます。ただ、印刷した×Meaning:
Printed.
Grammar:
- The plain past tense (ta-form) of the verb 印刷する (insatsu suru - to print).
- 印刷する is a compound verb: the noun 印刷 (insatsu - printing) + する (suru - to do).
Usage: Refers to the action of printing, either with a paper printer or, in this context, a 3D printer.
Examples:
会議の資料を印刷した。
I printed the documents for the meeting.
彼は自分でデザインしたTシャツを印刷した。
He printed a T-shirt that he designed himself.
Register/Formality: Neutral.後は表面×Meaning:
Surface.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: Refers to the outer face or topmost layer of an object.
Examples:
月の表面にはクレーターがたくさんある。
There are many craters on the surface of the moon.
テーブルの表面をきれいに拭いてください。
Please wipe the surface of the table clean.
Register/Formality: Neutral.をきれいにする作業×Meaning:
Work, task, operation.
Grammar:
- A noun. Can be combined with する to form the verb 作業する (sagyō suru - to work).
Usage: Often refers to a specific, physical or manual task, especially in a production or crafting context. It implies a more focused action than the general word 仕事 (shigoto - work/job).
Examples:
この作業はとても時間がかかります。
This task takes a very long time.
明日の午前中は、データの入力作業をする予定です。
I plan to do data entry work tomorrow morning.
Register/Formality: Neutral.が必要です。
もちろん、衣装×Meaning:
Costume, outfit.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: Often refers to special outfits for performances, festivals, or cosplay, as opposed to everyday clothes (服, fuku).
Examples:
彼女はハロウィンのために魔女の衣装を作った。
She made a witch costume for Halloween.
劇の出演者は全員、豪華な衣装を着ていた。
All the performers in the play were wearing gorgeous costumes.
Register/Formality: Neutral.の基本となる服には、キャラクターに合った布×Meaning:
Cloth, fabric.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: A general term for woven or knitted material used for clothing, crafts, etc.
Examples:
このシャツは柔らかい布でできている。
This shirt is made of soft cloth.
彼女は市場で美しい柄の布をいくつか買った。
She bought several pieces of fabric with beautiful patterns at the market.
Register/Formality: Neutral.を選んで縫う技術×Meaning:
Sewing skill/technique.
Grammar:
- A noun phrase.
- 縫う (nuu) is a verb meaning 'to sew'. In this structure, it directly modifies the noun that follows.
- 技術 (gijutsu) is a noun meaning 'skill' or 'technique'.
Usage: Refers specifically to the craft and ability of sewing fabrics together.
Examples:
母から基本的な縫う技術を教わった。
I learned basic sewing skills from my mother.
プロのデザイナーになるには、高度な縫う技術が必要だ。
To become a professional designer, you need advanced sewing techniques.
Register/Formality: Neutral.も大切です。
最近では、これらの技術を組み合わせて×Meaning:
By combining; to combine and...
Grammar:
- The te-form of the verb 組み合わせる (kumiawaseru - to combine, to mix and match).
- The te-form is used to connect clauses or actions sequentially.
Usage: Indicates that two or more things are put together to create something new or to achieve a better result.
Examples:
色々な材料を組み合わせて、新しい料理を作った。
I combined various ingredients and made a new dish.
この家具はパーツを自分で組み合わせて作ります。
You make this furniture by combining the parts yourself.
Register/Formality: Neutral.、それぞれの良いところを生かす方法×Meaning:
A way/method to make the best use of (something).
Grammar:
- A noun phrase.
- 生かす (ikasu) is a verb meaning 'to make use of' or 'to leverage'. It modifies the following noun.
- 方法 (hōhō) is a noun meaning 'method' or 'way'.
Usage: Refers to a strategy for effectively utilizing the advantages or potential of a person, skill, or object.
Examples:
古い家具を生かす方法を考えている。
I'm thinking of a way to make good use of old furniture.
自分の経験を仕事に生かす方法を見つけたい。
I want to find a way to utilize my experience in my job.
Register/Formality: Neutral.が主流×Meaning:
Mainstream, primary trend.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: Describes what is most common, popular, or generally accepted at a particular time.
Examples:
今、スマートフォンが携帯電話の主流です。
Right now, smartphones are the mainstream for mobile phones.
その考え方は、まだ学界の主流にはなっていない。
That way of thinking has not yet become mainstream in the academic world.
Register/Formality: Neutral.です。例えば、鎧×Meaning:
Armor, a suit of armor.
Grammar:
- A noun.
Usage: Traditionally refers to samurai armor, but in modern contexts like cosplay or gaming, it refers to any kind of armor.
Examples:
博物館で古い侍の鎧を見た。
I saw an old samurai's armor at the museum.
このキャラクターの鎧はデザインがとても複雑だ。
This character's armor has a very complex design.
Register/Formality: Neutral.は軽くて動きやすいEVAフォームで、飾り×Meaning:
Decoration, ornament.
Grammar:
- A noun derived from the verb 飾る (kazaru - to decorate).
Usage: Refers to items used to make something look more attractive, such as accessories on a costume or ornaments on a tree.
Examples:
クリスマスツリーに飾りをつけましょう。
Let's put decorations on the Christmas tree.
このケーキの飾りは全部チョコレートでできている。
The decorations on this cake are all made of chocolate.
Register/Formality: Neutral.は精密×Meaning:
Precise, detailed, accurate.
Grammar:
- A 'na'-adjective.
Usage: Similar to 正確 (seikaku) but often emphasizes intricacy and fine detail, especially in mechanics, craftsmanship, or scientific measurement.
Examples:
日本の時計は精密なことで有名です。
Japanese watches are famous for being precise.
この機械を作るには精密な技術が必要です。
Precise technology is required to make this machine.
Register/Formality: Neutral.な3Dプリンターで作るなどです。自分に合った方法×Meaning:
A method that suits oneself.
Grammar:
- A noun phrase modifying 方法 (hōhō - method).
- 自分 (jibun): oneself.
- に (ni): particle indicating the target.
- 合った (atta): plain past tense of 合う (au), a verb meaning 'to fit' or 'to suit'.
Usage: A common expression for finding a personalized approach to something, like a hobby, study method, or lifestyle.
Examples:
勉強するときは、自分に合った方法を見つけることが大切だ。
When studying, it's important to find a method that suits you.
色々試して、やっと自分に合った方法を見つけた。
After trying various things, I finally found a method that worked for me.
Register/Formality: Neutral.を見つけて、素晴らしい衣装を完成させましょう。
読解問題 (全30問)
レベル1：覚える (Remembering)
- 昔のコスプレ衣装×Meaning:
Costume, outfit, dress.
Grammar:
- A noun that often implies a special or complete outfit for a performance, ceremony, or cosplay. It is more specific than the general word for clothes, 服 (fuku).
Usage:
Used for specific outfits, especially in contexts like theater, festivals, or cosplay.
Examples:
彼女はアニメのキャラクターの衣装を着ていた。
She was wearing an anime character's costume.
この舞台衣装はデザイナーによって特別に作られました。
This stage costume was specially made by a designer.
Register/Formality: Neutral to formalで中心だった材料×Meaning:
Materials, ingredients.
Grammar:
- A noun referring to the components used to make something, from food to craft projects.
Usage:
A very common word. Can be used for cooking ingredients (料理の材料) or crafting materials (工作の材料).
Examples:
この鎧を作るのに、どんな材料が必要ですか。
What kind of materials are needed to make this armor?
まず、ケーキの材料をすべて準備しましょう。
First, let's prepare all the cake ingredients.
Register/Formality: Neutralは何ですか。 - 鎧×Meaning:
Armor.
Grammar:
- A noun specifically referring to protective armor, like that worn by samurai or knights.
Usage:
Used in historical contexts or in fantasy, gaming, or cosplay contexts.
Examples:
彼は重い鎧を着ていた。
He was wearing heavy armor.
コスプレイヤーは発泡スチロールで精巧な鎧を作った。
The cosplayer made intricate armor out of styrofoam.
Register/Formality: Neutralや武器×Meaning:
Weapon, arms.
Grammar:
- A general noun for any kind of weapon.
Usage:
Used in contexts of fighting, military, games, or cosplay.
Examples:
ゲームのキャラクターは大きな武器を持っている。
The game character has a large weapon.
空港では武器の持ち込みは禁止されています。
Bringing weapons into the airport is prohibited.
Register/Formality: Neutralを作るのに人気な材料の名前は何ですか。 - EVAフォームにはどのような特徴が三つあります×Meaning:
There are three features/characteristics.
Grammar:
- 特徴 (tokuchou): Noun meaning 'feature' or 'characteristic'.
- が (ga): Subject marker particle.
- 三つ (mittsu): The native Japanese counter for three general things.
- あります (arimasu): The polite form of ある (aru), 'to exist' or 'to have' for inanimate objects.
Usage:
A common way to state that something has a certain number of characteristics. You can replace '三つ' with other numbers.
Examples:
このカメラには良い特徴が三つあります。
This camera has three good features.
日本の教育制度には、いくつかのユニークな特徴があります。
The Japanese education system has several unique characteristics.
Register/Formality: Politeか。 - 小さくて細かい×Meaning:
Fine, small, detailed, intricate.
Grammar:
- An i-adjective. It can describe things that are small in size or have a lot of intricate detail.
Usage:
It can also mean 'small change' when used as 細かいお金 (komakai okane).
Examples:
彼女は細かい絵を描くのが上手です。
She is good at drawing detailed pictures.
この契約書には細かい条件がたくさん書かれている。
This contract has a lot of detailed conditions written in it.
Register/Formality: Neutralデザインの物を作るのに便利な道具×Meaning:
Tool, instrument, implement.
Grammar:
- A noun referring to an object used to carry out a particular function.
Usage:
A broad term for tools, from hammers and screwdrivers to kitchen utensils or crafting supplies.
Examples:
絵を描くための道具を買いに行きました。
I went to buy tools for drawing.
彼は大工として、常に専門的な道具をきれいに保っている。
As a carpenter, he always keeps his professional tools clean.
Register/Formality: Neutralは何ですか。 - 3Dプリンターで物を作った後、何をする必要がありますか。
レベル2：理解する (Understanding)
- なぜEVAフォームは多くのコスプレイヤーに使われているのですか。二つ理由を説明してください。
- 3Dプリンターは、どのようにして×Meaning:
How; in what way; by what means.
Grammar:
- An adverbial phrase used to ask about the method or process of doing something. It is a more formal or detailed way of asking 'how' than just どう (dou).
Usage:
Often used in writing or more formal speech when asking for an explanation of a process.
Examples:
彼はどのようにして日本語を学びましたか。
How did he learn Japanese?
この複雑な問題は、どのようにして解決すればよいのでしょうか。
How should this complex problem be solved?
Register/Formality: Neutral to formal物を作りますか。簡単に説明してください。 - 「それぞれの良いところを生かす」とは、どういう意味ですか。記事の例を使って説明してください。
- この記事によると、現代の×Meaning:
Modern; contemporary; of the present day.
Grammar:
- 現代 (gendai) is a noun meaning 'the present day'. The particle の (no) turns it into a modifier that can describe another noun.
Usage:
Used to contrast the present with the past (昔 mukashi) or a historical period.
Examples:
現代の若者はSNSをよく使います。
Modern young people use social media often.
現代の技術は、私たちの生活を大きく変えました。
Modern technology has greatly changed our lives.
Register/Formality: Neutralコスプレ作りは昔と比べてどう変わりましたか。 - コスプレ衣装を作るために必要な技術×Meaning:
Technology; skill; technique.
Grammar:
- A noun that can refer to both the practical skill of a person and the broader field of technology or engineering.
Usage:
The meaning depends on the context. 科学技術 (kagaku gijutsu) is 'science and technology', while 運転技術 (unten gijutsu) is 'driving skill'.
Examples:
彼は料理の技術が高い。
He has high-level cooking skills.
最新の技術がこの製品には使われています。
The latest technology is used in this product.
Register/Formality: Neutralは、大きく分けて×Meaning:
Broadly divided; generally speaking; roughly classified.
Grammar:
- A set adverbial phrase from the adjective 大きい (ookii, 'big') and the verb 分ける (wakeru, 'to divide').
Usage:
Used to introduce a classification or categorization into a few main groups.
Examples:
日本の季節は、大きく分けて四つあります。
The seasons of Japan are broadly divided into four.
問題点は大きく分けて二つに集約される。
The points of issue can be summarized into two main categories.
Register/Formality: Neutral, common in explanations三つあります。何ですか。
レベル3：応用する (Applying)
- 大きくて軽い盾×Meaning:
Shield.
Grammar:
- A noun referring to a piece of armor held in the hand or worn on the arm for protection.
Usage:
Used in contexts of history, fantasy, gaming, and cosplay.
Examples:
騎士は剣と盾で戦った。
The knight fought with a sword and shield.
この盾はコスプレ用なので、とても軽いです。
This shield is for cosplay, so it's very light.
Register/Formality: Neutralを作りたいです。どの材料を使ったらいいですか。その理由も書いてください。 - あなたは今、とても複雑な×Meaning:
Complicated; complex; intricate.
Grammar:
- A na-adjective. It needs な (na) before a noun it modifies.
Usage:
Describes something with many interconnected parts or details that is difficult to understand, solve, or make.
Examples:
これはとても複雑な問題です。
This is a very complicated problem.
彼女は複雑な心境を打ち明けた。
She confessed her complex feelings.
Register/Formality: Neutralデザインのイヤリングを作ろうとしています。どの道具を使いますか。 - 初めてコスプレの鎧×Meaning:
Armor.
Grammar:
- A noun specifically referring to protective armor, like that worn by samurai or knights.
Usage:
Used in historical contexts or in fantasy, gaming, or cosplay contexts.
Examples:
彼は重い鎧を着ていた。
He was wearing heavy armor.
コスプレイヤーは発泡スチロールで精巧な鎧を作った。
The cosplayer made intricate armor out of styrofoam.
Register/Formality: Neutralを作る人に、あなたはEVAフォームと3Dプリンターのどちらをすすめます×Meaning:
To recommend; to suggest.
Grammar:
- The polite -masu form of the verb すすめる (susumeru).
Usage:
Used when suggesting a course of action, a place to visit, a food to try, etc.
Examples:
この本をすすめます。とても面白いですよ。
I recommend this book. It's very interesting.
医者は彼に、もっと運動するようすすめた。
The doctor recommended that he exercise more.
Register/Formality: Politeか。 - 「スーパーヒーロー」のコスプレ衣装を作ります。服×Meaning:
Clothes; clothing.
Grammar:
- A general noun for clothes.
Usage:
The most common, everyday word for clothes.
Examples:
新しい服を買いに行きたいです。
I want to go buy new clothes.
彼はいつもおしゃれな服を着ている。
He always wears stylish clothes.
Register/Formality: Neutral, everyday wordにはどんな特徴の布×Meaning:
What kind of fabric?; Fabric with what kind of characteristics?
Grammar:
- どんな (donna): 'What kind of...?'
- 特徴 (tokuchou): Noun meaning 'feature' or 'characteristic'.
- の (no): Particle connecting the nouns.
- 布 (nuno): Noun meaning 'cloth' or 'fabric'.
Usage:
A phrase used to ask about the specific properties of a fabric, such as its texture, elasticity, color, or material.
Examples:
このドレスを作るには、どんな特徴の布がいいですか。
What kind of fabric is good for making this dress?
伸縮性があるという特徴の布を探しています。
I am looking for a fabric with the characteristic of being stretchy.
Register/Formality: Neutralを選びますか。 - 時間はたくさんありますが、お金があまりありません。鎧×Meaning:
Armor.
Grammar:
- A noun specifically referring to protective armor, like that worn by samurai or knights.
Usage:
Used in historical contexts or in fantasy, gaming, or cosplay contexts.
Examples:
彼は重い鎧を着ていた。
He was wearing heavy armor.
コスプレイヤーは発泡スチロールで精巧な鎧を作った。
The cosplayer made intricate armor out of styrofoam.
Register/Formality: Neutralを作るなら、どの方法がいい×Meaning:
Which method is good/best?
Grammar:
- どの (dono): 'Which' (used before a noun).
- 方法 (houhou): Noun meaning 'method' or 'way'.
- が (ga): Subject marker particle.
- いい (ii): Adjective meaning 'good'.
Usage:
A common question phrase to ask for the best option among several methods or ways of doing something.
Examples:
駅まで行くには、どの方法がいいですか。
What's the best way to get to the station?
いくつかの選択肢の中から、どの方法がいいか決めましょう。
Let's decide which method is best from among the several options.
Register/Formality: Neutralと考えられますか。
レベル4：分析する (Analyzing)
- EVAフォームと3Dプリンターの、良い点と悪い点をそれぞれ一つずつ挙げてください×Meaning:
Please give; please list; please mention.
Grammar:
- The te-form of the verb 挙げる (ageru, 'to raise' or 'to give an example') + ください (kudasai, 'please do').
Usage:
A polite request for someone to provide examples, reasons, or items from a list.
Examples:
日本の有名な山を三つ挙げてください。
Please name three famous mountains in Japan.
この計画の良い点をいくつか挙げてください。
Please list a few good points of this plan.
Register/Formality: Polite。 - コスプレ衣装を手作りする場合と、お店で買う場合×Meaning:
In the case of buying at a store.
Grammar:
- お店 (omise): Noun meaning 'store'.
- で (de): Particle indicating location of an action.
- 買う (kau): Verb meaning 'to buy'.
- 場合 (baai): Noun meaning 'case' or 'situation'. The pattern '(verb) + 場合' is very common for creating conditional clauses.
Usage:
This phrase describes the specific scenario of buying something from a physical store.
Examples:
雨が降った場合は、イベントは中止です。
In the case that it rains, the event is cancelled.
オンラインではなくお店で買う場合は、送料がかかりません。
In the case of buying at a store instead of online, there are no shipping fees.
Register/Formality: Neutralのメリットとデメリットを想像×Meaning:
Imagination; guess.
Grammar:
- A noun that can be turned into a verb with する (suru). 想像する (souzou suru) means 'to imagine'. In the text, it is in the te-form (想像して).
Usage:
Refers to the act of forming a mental image or concept of something that is not present.
Examples:
未来の生活を想像するのは楽しい。
It's fun to imagine life in the future.
彼がどれほど喜ぶか、私には想像もつかない。
I can't even imagine how happy he will be.
Register/Formality: Neutralして比べてみてください。 - 「自分に合った方法を見つけて」とありますが、どのような要素×Meaning:
Element; factor; component.
Grammar:
- Noun. Refers to one of the parts that something is made of.
Usage:
Used when breaking down a complex topic or situation into its constituent parts.
Examples:
成功には、運と努力という二つの要素が必要です。
Success requires two elements: luck and effort.
デザインを決めるときは、色、形、素材など多くの要素を考えます。
When deciding on a design, you consider many factors like color, shape, and material.
Register/Formality: Neutral, slightly formal（例えば、時間、お金など）を考えて方法を選ぶべき×Meaning:
Should choose; ought to choose.
Grammar:
- The verb suffix べき (beki) attaches to the dictionary form of a verb to express duty, obligation, or what is considered the right thing to do.
Usage:
Expresses a strong recommendation or a sense that something is the proper course of action. It's stronger than ～ほうがいい (hou ga ii).
Examples:
学生はもっと本を読むべきだ。
Students should read more books.
どちらの道を選ぶべきか、彼は迷っていた。
He was unsure which path he should choose.
Register/Formality: Neutralだと思いますか。三つ挙げてください。 - 記事によると、なぜ材料を組み合わせる方法が「主流×Meaning:
Mainstream; primary trend; mainline.
Grammar:
- Noun. Often used with になる (ni naru, to become) to say something 'becomes mainstream'.
Usage:
Describes what is most common, popular, or influential at a given time in a particular field.
Examples:
スマートフォンが携帯電話の主流になった。
Smartphones became the mainstream for mobile phones.
その考え方は、今や学界の主流と見なされている。
That way of thinking is now considered mainstream in academia.
Register/Formality: Neutral」になっているのでしょうか。 - 鎧をすべて3Dプリンターで作った場合、どんな問題が考えられますか。記事の内容から推測×Meaning:
Guess; inference; conjecture.
Grammar:
- A noun that can be turned into a verb with する (suru). 推測する (suisoku suru) means 'to guess' or 'to infer'. In the text, it is in the te-form request (推測してください).
Usage:
Used when making a judgment based on incomplete information. It implies a more logical process than just 勘 (kan, 'hunch').
Examples:
彼の表情から気持ちを推測した。
I inferred his feelings from his expression.
すべての証拠がないので、これはただの推測にすぎない。
Since we don't have all the evidence, this is merely a guess.
Register/Formality: Neutralしてください。
レベル5：評価する (Evaluating)
- あなたは、伝統的×Meaning:
Traditional.
Grammar:
- A na-adjective. It is formed by adding the suffix 的 (teki) to the noun 伝統 (dentou, 'tradition').
Usage:
Describes things related to or following long-established customs and beliefs.
Examples:
京都には伝統的な建物が多いです。
There are many traditional buildings in Kyoto.
彼女は伝統的な日本の踊りを習っている。
She is learning traditional Japanese dance.
Register/Formality: Neutralな裁縫×Meaning:
Sewing; needlework.
Grammar:
- Noun. Can also be used as a suru-verb, 裁縫する (saihou suru), meaning 'to sew'.
Usage:
Refers to the craft of stitching cloth with a needle and thread.
Examples:
私の趣味は裁縫です。
My hobby is sewing.
母は裁縫がとても上手で、私の服を作ってくれた。
My mother is very good at sewing and made clothes for me.
Register/Formality: Neutralの技術と、3Dプリンターのような新しい技術とでは、どちらがコスプレ作りにおいてより重要×Meaning:
Is more important in/regarding...
Grammar:
- において (ni oite): A formal particle meaning 'in' or 'regarding'. It specifies the context.
- より (yori): A particle used for comparisons, meaning 'more than'.
- 重要 (juuyou): A na-adjective meaning 'important'.
Usage:
This phrase is used to make a comparison of importance within a specific scope. It's more formal than using で (de) for context.
Examples:
ビジネスにおいて、コミュニケーションは他の何よりも重要です。
In business, communication is more important than anything else.
チームスポーツにおいては、個人の技術よりチームワークが重要だ。
In team sports, teamwork is more important than individual skill.
Register/Formality: Formalだと思いますか。理由も説明してください。 - 記事ではEVAフォームと3Dプリンターが紹介されています×Meaning:
Is/are introduced; is/are being presented.
Grammar:
- The polite, continuous, passive form of the verb 紹介する (shoukai suru, 'to introduce').
- Structure: 紹介する → 紹介される (passive) → 紹介されている (passive continuous) → 紹介されています (polite).
Usage:
Used when describing something that is being featured in a book, show, article, etc.
Examples:
この雑誌では、新しいレストランが紹介されています。
New restaurants are introduced in this magazine.
テレビで彼が有名な作家として紹介されていた。
He was being introduced on TV as a famous author.
Register/Formality: Politeが、あなたがもっとも「すごい」と思う技術はどちらですか。なぜそう思いますか。 - 「コスプレは、お金がかかる趣味だ」という意見について、この記事を読んだ後、あなたはどう思いますか。
- この記事は、これからコスプレを始めたい人にとって、どのくらい役に立つ×Meaning:
How useful is it?; To what extent is it helpful?
Grammar:
- どのくらい (dono kurai): An adverb meaning 'how much' or 'to what extent'.
- 役に立つ (yaku ni tatsu): A set verb phrase meaning 'to be useful' or 'to be helpful'.
Usage:
A common question to gauge the degree of usefulness or effectiveness of something.
Examples:
この辞書はどのくらい役に立ちますか。
How useful is this dictionary?
あなたの助言がどれくらい役に立ったか、言葉では言い表せません。
I can't express in words how helpful your advice was.
Register/Formality: Neutralと思いますか。あなたの意見を言ってください。 - 最高のコスプレ衣装を作るために一番大切なことは、高価な材料×Meaning:
Expensive materials.
Grammar:
- 高価 (kouka): A na-adjective meaning 'expensive' or 'high-priced'.
- な (na): The particle used to connect a na-adjective to a noun.
- 材料 (zairyou): Noun meaning 'materials'.
Usage:
Refers to materials that cost a lot of money. It is a more formal word than 高い (takai).
Examples:
彼は高価な材料を使って家具を作った。
He made furniture using expensive materials.
この時計は高価な材料で作られているため、値段が高い。
This watch is expensive because it is made from high-priced materials.
Register/Formality: Neutral to formalを使うことだと思いますか、それとも他のことだと思いますか。あなたの考えを説明してください。
レベル6：創造する (Creating)
- あなたが新しいコスプレの道具を発明するとしたら×Meaning:
If you were to invent...; On the assumption that you invent...
Grammar:
- The pattern '(Dictionary Form Verb) + としたら' is used to create a hypothetical condition.
- 発明する (hatsumei suru): Verb meaning 'to invent'.
- としたら (to shitara): 'if it were the case that...'.
Usage:
Used to talk about something that is unlikely or purely imaginary.
Examples:
もし一日だけ透明人間になれるとしたら、何をしますか。
If you could become invisible for just one day, what would you do?
もう一度人生をやり直せるとしたら、違う道を選ぶだろう。
If I could live my life over again, I would probably choose a different path.
Register/Formality: Neutral、どんなものを作りますか。その道具の名前と使い方を説明してください。 - 記事にある材料×Meaning:
Materials, ingredients.
Grammar:
- A noun referring to the components used to make something, from food to craft projects.
Usage:
A very common word. Can be used for cooking ingredients (料理の材料) or crafting materials (工作の材料).
Examples:
この鎧を作るのに、どんな材料が必要ですか。
What kind of materials are needed to make this armor?
まず、ケーキの材料をすべて準備しましょう。
First, let's prepare all the cake ingredients.
Register/Formality: Neutral（EVAフォーム、3Dプリンター、布）をすべて使って、オリジナルのキャラクターの衣装をデザインしてください。どの部分にどの材料を使うか説明してください。 - コスプレ初心者×Meaning:
Beginner.
Grammar:
- Noun. Composed of 初 (sho, 'first'), 心 (shin, 'heart' or 'mind'), and 者 (sha, 'person').
Usage:
Refers to someone who is new to an activity or field.
Examples:
このクラスは初心者向けです。
This class is for beginners.
私はまだテニスの初心者です。
I am still a beginner at tennis.
Register/Formality: Neutralのためのワークショップを開く計画を立ててください×Meaning:
Please make a plan.
Grammar:
- This is a polite request using a set verb phrase.
- 計画を立てる (keikaku o tateru): 'to make a plan'.
- 立てる (tateru) becomes 立てて (tatete) in the te-form.
- ください (kudasai): 'please do'.
Usage:
A common and polite way to ask someone to create a plan or schedule.
Examples:
旅行の計画を立ててください。
Please make a plan for the trip.
次のプロジェクトの計画を立てるために、会議を開きましょう。
Let's hold a meeting to make a plan for the next project.
Register/Formality: Polite。何を、どのような順番×Meaning:
Order; sequence; turn.
Grammar:
- Noun.
Usage:
Used to talk about the order in which things happen or the order in which people do something.
Examples:
名前を順番に呼んでください。
Please call the names in order.
次は私の順番です。
It's my turn next.
Register/Formality: Neutralで教えますか。 - 未来×Meaning:
The future.
Grammar:
- Noun. Refers to time that is yet to come.
Usage:
A common word for 'future'. It can refer to the near future or the distant future.
Examples:
未来のことは誰にも分かりません。
Nobody knows what the future holds.
彼女は自分の明るい未来を信じている。
She believes in her own bright future.
Register/Formality: Neutralのコスプレ作りは、どのようになっていると思いますか。新しい技術や材料を想像して書いてください。 - この記事のタイトル「コスプレ衣装の作り方」を、もっと面白くて分かりやすいタイトルに変えてみてください。
